23787 HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
Name_____________________________________________________
Student Number_____________________________________________
The aim of this assessment is to construct a simple decision tree diagram to assess the cost-effectiveness of a new cervical screening test when compared to the current screening test. The assessment task requires you to complete a series of structured stages, and then to write a brief health technology assessment report with the specified headings summarizing the project, methods and outcomes. All stages contribute to the assessment.
Please note that you DO NOT REQUIRE dedicated economic modelling software to complete this task. All of the calculations can be undertaken easily with a calculator or in Excel.
Your completed assessment should be submitted through TURNITIN – via UTS Online. Select Assessment from the menu
Label your attachment with your name and student number as follows:
23787_Assessment_3_First name_Last name_Student Number
Your completed assessment task should have
1. An executive summary that represents a brief health technology assessment report based on your answers: summarizing the project, methods and outcomes. This part should be no more than 500 words. (10 marks)
The required headings for the executive summary are:
• Objectives
• Methods
• Data
• Results
• Key areas of uncertainty
• Discussion
• Recommendation
2. An attachment that shows your answers to Parts One to Six of the task, including calculations where required. (Contribution to overall marks are shown for each part) (50 marks in total)
Part One: Calculating the accuracy of the two test alternatives (10 marks)
Screening tests for cervical cancer aim to identify pre-cancerous changes in the cervix that could develop into cervical cancer. If the pre-cancerous tissues is identified early and removed, then cervical cancer can be prevented for developing.
The Comparator – In the conventional Pap smear, the doctor collecting the cells smears them on a microscope slide and applies a fixative. This slide is then sent to a laboratory for evaluation. Studies of the accuracy of conventional (current) Pap smear tests report:
• Sensitivity 72%
• Specificity 94%
The New Test – The new test works in exactly the same way as the current test, however the manufacturer believes that the sensitivity of the new test is better. Below are the results of a cohort study that tested the new cervical screening test. Note that all women were 30 years of age when tested.
New Test Disease Status Total
Cervical cancer (+ve) Cervical cancer (-ve)
Test (Positive) 44 36
Test (Negative) 6 564
Total
A) For the new cervical screening test define the following, and include the number of individuals in each group.
• True positive
• False positive
• True negative
• False negative
B) Calculate the sensitivity and specificity for the new test.
C) Compared with the current test, the new test was evaluated using a different cohort of women and in a different laboratory. Does this influence the sensitivity and specificity of the new test?
Part Two: Construct a decision tree (10 marks)
Your task is to assess the cost-effectiveness of screening women when they reach the age of 30. We also assume that everyone who is invited to participate in screening program receives a cervical screening test (i.e. the uptake rate of the test is 100%).
Draw a decision tree to determine whether the new cervical screening test is more cost-effective than the current test. To do this you need to create a decision node with the option to accept the new test or the current test. For each test, the terminal nodes should reflect the possible outcomes of the test result (e.g. True positive etc…)
Part Three: Estimating the benefit of testing (5 marks)
To populate the decision tree we need to estimate the benefits and costs of each test option. The benefits of screening are measured in terms of quality adjusted life years (QALYs) gained (i.e. quality-of-life multiplied by the number of years in that health state).
• Utility score – A time-trade off study conducted on the same cohort of women that received the new test demonstrated that;
o The average utility in the non-cancer group (test negative) was 0.92.
o The average utility in the non-cancer group (test positive) was 0.91 (slight reduction in utility due to further investigations and concern of possible cancer)
o The average utility in the cancer group (not detected by the test) was 0.45 (This reduced utility is due to the side-effects of treatment and the impact of the disease).
o The average utility in the cancer group (detected by the test and treated early) is 0.87 (there is a slight reduction in quality of life due to early treatment.
• Survival – Long-term registry data were used to estimate the additional survival (note that this is the additional survival beyond 30 years of age, which is the age when a person would be screened in this model)
o The average survival of a 30 year old woman with cervical cancer (not detected early) is an additional 5 years.
o The average survival of a 30 year old woman with cervical cancer that is detected early and treated (i.e. detected with a positive test results) is an additional 40 years.
o For all other 30 year old women (no cancer) the average survival is an additional 40 years.
A) Calculate the average additional QALYs gained for individuals with the following possible test outcomes:
• True positive
• False positive
• True negative
• False negative
B) In this model, all outcomes (costs and benefits) are undiscounted. Why do we discount future costs and benefits? Why might discounting costs and benefits at the same rate penalize preventative health programs?
Part Four: Estimating Costs (5 marks)
The tables below were taken from a longitudinal cohort study of women that participated in the current screening program. The unit costs are provided in Table 1. Table 2, contains an inventory of all the resources used, on average, by an individual depending upon their test result.
• For example, an individual identified as being ‘true positive’ (using the current test) would require the following resources – 1xcurrent test, 2 x GP visits, 1 x further examination – early treatment. Therefore their treatment would cost – 1x$50 + (2x$35) + 1 x $2000 = $2,120
Combine the information from Tables 1 and 2 to generate the total cost of each screening outcome. Do this for both the current test and the new test scenarios.
Table 1: Unit costs
Description Cost
Current test $50
New Test $300
GP appointment $35
Further examination – No treatment $500
Further examination – Early treatment $2000
Delayed treatment $50,000
Table 2: Resources use for each possible alternative
Current test New Test GP visit Further exam – no treat Further exam – early treat Delayed treatment
Current test True Positive 1 2 1
False positive 1 2 1
True negative 1 1
False negative 1 1 1
New Test True Positive 1 2 1
False positive 1 2 1
True negative 1 1
False negative 1 1 1
NOTE: All costs calculated should be presented to two decimal places.
Part Five: Cost-utility analysis (10 marks)
You should now have the following information:
• Accuracy of the current and new cervical screening tests
• A decision tree that reflects the possible outcomes of both tests
• An estimate of the QALYs gains for each alternative
• An estimate of the resource use (cost) of each alternative
The final information that you need to complete to complete the analysis is the prevalence of cervical cancer in this population. In this example we are screening women 30 years of age; the prevalence of cervical cancer in this cohort is 1 in 1000 or (0.001)
A) Complete Table 3: Model Parameters using the information Part One-Part Four.
Parameter description Current Test New Test
Prevalence of cervical cancer 0.001 0.001
Sensitivity of test 0.72
Specificity of test 0.94
Cost – True Positive
Cost – False Positive
Cost – True Negative
Cost – False negative
QALYs – True Positive
QALYs – False Positive
QALYs – True Negative
QALYs – False negative
B) You now need to combine this information into your decision tree to determine the cost-effectiveness of the new test relative to the current test. Provide your answer as an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) (i.e. cost/QALY gained). Also, provide the diagram of your decision tree at this stage.
• Hint: Remember that you need to calculate the expected value (costs and QALYs) of each alternative before you can estimate the cost-effectiveness. It is easier to calculate the expected value if you start at the end of the tree, rather than the beginning (i.e. you need to roll-back the decision tree – see lecture notes for example)
C) If the decision maker has set an explicit threshold of $50,000 / QALY gained, would you say the new test is cost-effective? Explain your answer.
Part 6: Sensitivity Analysis (10 marks)
The decision maker would like you to determine the cost-effectiveness of the new test in a population of women with a family history of cervical cancer. In this high-risk cohort of women, the prevalence of cervical cancer is 1 in 100 (0.01).
A) Calculate the ICER of the new test relative to the current test in this high-risk population of women.
B) Why do you think the cost-effectiveness of the new test is sensitivity to prevalent risk of cervical cancer in the population?
C) In the original model (prevalence = 0.001), we assumed a 20 min GP appointment costs $35. However, an audit of General Practices conducting the new test shows that 60% of GPs charge patients a double appointment (2x20mins). How does this change you ICER? Explain your answer.
D) What would be the ICER for the new test in the high-risk cohort (prevalence of cervical cancer is 0.01), if 60% of GPs charge patients a double appointment (2x20mins).
E) What type of sensitivity analysis was carried out in sub-question (D)? What is the advantage of this over what was conducted in sub-question (C)?
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Given that the companies operate in the same industry, write a report of approximately 1000 words explaining what the ratios suggest about the companies’ profitability, efficiency and liquidity.
/in Uncategorized /by JosephGiven that the companies operate in the same industry, write a report of approximately 1000 words explaining what the ratios suggest about the companies’ profitability, efficiency and liquidity.
Assessment Task Two involves analyses of financial information of three small/medium sized organisations to evaluate the financial performance and financial position of each company. Evaluation of performance and position will consider both financial and non-financial considerations.
Instructions:
The attached document contains financial information for three (3) small/medium sized organisations along with questions which must be addressed.
Please read the instructions relating to submission very carefully before attempting the questions contained within the assignment and make sure that you answer all of the questions.
It is most important that you read the question requirements very carefully and understand what you are required to do. If you are uncertain or unsure of the question requirements, you must ask your local lecturer or tutor.
Assessment Tips:
When you are providing figures and calculating ratios, please take note of the following instructions. Failure to do so may result in lost marks.
Show the original figures as well as any ratios or percentage changes that you calculate. An efficient way to present these figures and ratios is in Word tables or in sections of Excel spreadsheets that are pasted into Word documents.
This will enable you to have headings which clearly label the figures and ratios, as well as headings which clearly show the formulas and calculations that have been done to obtain the results. Use the figures in the statements provided to do all calculations and to support all conclusions. Where multiple ratio calculations are performed, it is good practice to create a summary table of the ratio and result. This allows for easier comparison and analysis of the different ratio results.
Your own evaluation, in your own words is important. When you are asked to interpret ratios, it means to provide an explanation of what the ratio means in terms of this company.
This simply means tell me what the ratio measures and what it means for this company.
Referencing is most important in all academic work. It enables the reader to assess the reliability and relevance of the assumptions or assertions made.
Please ensure that all sources of information are appropriately referenced using the Harvard (author–date) method. This includes the textbook. If you use direct quotations from other sources, make sure that these are appropriately presented and referenced. The inclusion of a Bibliography in your submission is required and you will be penalised if you do not include one.
Small Business Analysis 1:
The following financial statements were prepared for the management of TEDA Ltd. The statements contain some information that will be disclosed in Additional Information at the end of the general purpose financial statements.
(8 marks)
TEDA Ltd
Income statement for the year ended 30 June 2015
Sales revenue
Cost of sales $462 500
307 500
Gross profit
Expenses (including tax and finance) 155 000
80 000
Net Profit after Interest and Tax $ 75 000
TEDA Ltd
Balance sheet as at 30 June 2015
Current assets
Cash assets
Receivables (all trade)
Less: Allowance for doubtful debts
$149 625
9 450
$ 18 900
140 175
Inventories 126 000
Total current assets 285 075
Non-current assets
Land
Building
Less: Accumulated depreciation
113 000
18 900
31 500
94 100
Store equipment
Less: Accumulated depreciation 23 625
13 625
10 000
Total non-current assets 135 600
Total assets 420 675
Current liabilities
Payables (all trade)
Dividends — preference dividends
Payable — ordinary dividends
Other
135 450
1 890
12 600
6 300
Total current liabilities 156 240
Non-current liabilities
10% mortgage payable
31 500
Total liabilities 187 740
Equity
Contributed capital: 6% preference shares
Ordinary shares
Retained earnings
25 000
126 000
81 935
Total equity 232 935
Liabilities and equity $420 675
Additional information
1. The balances of certain accounts at the beginning of the year are:
Accounts receivable (gross)
Allowance for doubtful debts
Inventories $157 500
(14 175)
110 250
2. Total assets and total equity at the beginning of the year were $387,500 and $190, 500 respectively.
3. Income tax expense for the year was $31,500. Net finance expenses were $3150.
Required:
Based on the information provided above, identify and calculate the principal ratios that a financial analyst might use that would give some indication of the following:
a. the entity’s earning ability; (4 ratios are required)
b. the extent to which internal sources have been used to finance asset acquisitions; (1 ratio is required)
c. the rapidity with which accounts receivable are collected; (1 ratio is required)
d. the ability of the entity to meet unexpected demands for working capital; (1 ratio is required)
e. the length of time taken by the entity to sell its inventories. (1 ratio is required)
Use the following to show the appropriate ratio and your calculations
Ratio Calculation
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Small Business Analysis 2:
The following ratios have been calculated for TUST Pty Ltd, an entity specialising in imported exotic perfumes. (7 marks)
2012 2013
Current ratio 2.1:1 2.6:1
Acid test or quick ratio 1.8:1 2.2:1
Days inventory on hand 122 127
Days debtors outstanding 30 46
Net Profit margin 10% 12.2%
The ratios indicate an increase/decrease from the previous year.
Required:
Classify and discuss each of the ratios and explain what these ratios indicate about the entity’s liquidity, asset efficiency and profitability?
Students are encouraged to do some research and find out what an increase/decrease in the ratio indicates, what the business could be doing that has resulted in the change, and is this change favourable or not?
Where possible you should provide a brief recommendation and lastly do not forget to reference and support your reasoning?.
Liquidity:(approx 100 words)
Asset efficiency: (approx 100 words)
Profitability: (approx 100 words)
Small Business Analysis 3: Case Study Analysis:
The following table reports various financial ratios for Qantas and Virgin for 2012. (20 marks)
Qantas Airways Limited Virgin Australia Holdings Limited
EBIT margin 1.85% 3.50%
ROE 3.38% 8.40%
ROA 2.12% 3.29%
Debt to Equity 111.21% 180.07%
Current Ratio 0.77 0.65
Net profit margin 1.36% 2.23%
Source: Information from Financial Aspects, www.financialaspects.com.au.
Required:
Given that the companies operate in the same industry, write a report of approximately 1000 words explaining what the ratios suggest about the companies’ profitability, efficiency and liquidity.
It would be appropriate to classify your report into the three activity groups above and comment on each of these independently. Each activity group should be approximately 500 words
Simply writing a comparison of the financial ratios provided in the above table will not incur any marks.
You should look carefully at each of the ratios provided and analyse the reason for one entity having a higher or lower ratio than the other.
You will need to identify the connection between the ratios as this will reveal a lot of information that will be helpful in answering the question.
Do not hesitate to search outside the financial ratios provided. Your analysis should be supported with evidence of research.
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Discuss the relationship between politics and policy in the case of human trafficking.
/in Uncategorized /by JosephQuestion
Question 1: Why has white-collar crime received so little attention from policy-makers when compared to street crime and drug-related crime?
Question 2: Discuss the relationship between politics and policy in the case of human trafficking.
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Find the Fourier series of the function “”##, of period ” = “# . “”##= $%! #$ “!&< # <&#’ $ = $
/in Uncategorized /by JosephAssignment 2: SEP291 Engineering Modelling (Submission due: 1st June 2015) 1. Find the Fourier series of the function “”##, of period ” = “# . “”##= !$ !% < # < & $ & < # <% ‘ $ = ( ” # $ %$ 2. Find the Fourier series of the function “”##, of period ” = “# . “”##= $%! #$ “!&< # <&#’ $ = $ 3. Solve the initial value problem by the Laplace transform “! +”” = #$ “%#&='() 4. Solve the initial value problem by the Laplace transform. If necessary, use partial fractions expansion. “!! ” ” #$ ” = %& “‘%(= )& “!’%(= % 5. Using the formulas L ” ” #$ = #L %”&’ “%(& or L ” “!!# = # $ L %”&’#”%(&” “!%(&, find L ” “# if “”## equals ( ” is a constant): “#$” . 6. Verify that the function “”##$$= %%& #’ + $’ ( )+& satisfies Laplace’s equation !” ” !#” + !” ” !$” = # and determine ” and ” so that ” satisfies the boundary conditions ” =””# on the circle “” + #” =# and ” = ” on the circle “” + #” = #$ . 7. Find “”##$$ for the string of length ” =” and “” = # when the initial velocity is zero and the initial deflection with small ” (say, 0.01) is as follows: “”##= $ $%&”‘!##. 8. Find “”##$$ for the string of length ” =” and “” =# when the initial velocity is zero and the initial deflection is as follows: “”##= $%$&#”‘! ##.
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write a brief health technology assessment report with the specified headings summarizing the project, methods and outcomes.
/in Uncategorized /by Joseph23787 HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
Home » 23787 HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
23787 HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
Name_____________________________________________________
Student Number_____________________________________________
The aim of this assessment is to construct a simple decision tree diagram to assess the cost-effectiveness of a new cervical screening test when compared to the current screening test. The assessment task requires you to complete a series of structured stages, and then to write a brief health technology assessment report with the specified headings summarizing the project, methods and outcomes. All stages contribute to the assessment.
Please note that you DO NOT REQUIRE dedicated economic modelling software to complete this task. All of the calculations can be undertaken easily with a calculator or in Excel.
Your completed assessment should be submitted through TURNITIN – via UTS Online. Select Assessment from the menu
Label your attachment with your name and student number as follows:
23787_Assessment_3_First name_Last name_Student Number
Your completed assessment task should have
1. An executive summary that represents a brief health technology assessment report based on your answers: summarizing the project, methods and outcomes. This part should be no more than 500 words. (10 marks)
The required headings for the executive summary are:
• Objectives
• Methods
• Data
• Results
• Key areas of uncertainty
• Discussion
• Recommendation
2. An attachment that shows your answers to Parts One to Six of the task, including calculations where required. (Contribution to overall marks are shown for each part) (50 marks in total)
Part One: Calculating the accuracy of the two test alternatives (10 marks)
Screening tests for cervical cancer aim to identify pre-cancerous changes in the cervix that could develop into cervical cancer. If the pre-cancerous tissues is identified early and removed, then cervical cancer can be prevented for developing.
The Comparator – In the conventional Pap smear, the doctor collecting the cells smears them on a microscope slide and applies a fixative. This slide is then sent to a laboratory for evaluation. Studies of the accuracy of conventional (current) Pap smear tests report:
• Sensitivity 72%
• Specificity 94%
The New Test – The new test works in exactly the same way as the current test, however the manufacturer believes that the sensitivity of the new test is better. Below are the results of a cohort study that tested the new cervical screening test. Note that all women were 30 years of age when tested.
New Test Disease Status Total
Cervical cancer (+ve) Cervical cancer (-ve)
Test (Positive) 44 36
Test (Negative) 6 564
Total
A) For the new cervical screening test define the following, and include the number of individuals in each group.
• True positive
• False positive
• True negative
• False negative
B) Calculate the sensitivity and specificity for the new test.
C) Compared with the current test, the new test was evaluated using a different cohort of women and in a different laboratory. Does this influence the sensitivity and specificity of the new test?
Part Two: Construct a decision tree (10 marks)
Your task is to assess the cost-effectiveness of screening women when they reach the age of 30. We also assume that everyone who is invited to participate in screening program receives a cervical screening test (i.e. the uptake rate of the test is 100%).
Draw a decision tree to determine whether the new cervical screening test is more cost-effective than the current test. To do this you need to create a decision node with the option to accept the new test or the current test. For each test, the terminal nodes should reflect the possible outcomes of the test result (e.g. True positive etc…)
Part Three: Estimating the benefit of testing (5 marks)
To populate the decision tree we need to estimate the benefits and costs of each test option. The benefits of screening are measured in terms of quality adjusted life years (QALYs) gained (i.e. quality-of-life multiplied by the number of years in that health state).
• Utility score – A time-trade off study conducted on the same cohort of women that received the new test demonstrated that;
o The average utility in the non-cancer group (test negative) was 0.92.
o The average utility in the non-cancer group (test positive) was 0.91 (slight reduction in utility due to further investigations and concern of possible cancer)
o The average utility in the cancer group (not detected by the test) was 0.45 (This reduced utility is due to the side-effects of treatment and the impact of the disease).
o The average utility in the cancer group (detected by the test and treated early) is 0.87 (there is a slight reduction in quality of life due to early treatment.
• Survival – Long-term registry data were used to estimate the additional survival (note that this is the additional survival beyond 30 years of age, which is the age when a person would be screened in this model)
o The average survival of a 30 year old woman with cervical cancer (not detected early) is an additional 5 years.
o The average survival of a 30 year old woman with cervical cancer that is detected early and treated (i.e. detected with a positive test results) is an additional 40 years.
o For all other 30 year old women (no cancer) the average survival is an additional 40 years.
A) Calculate the average additional QALYs gained for individuals with the following possible test outcomes:
• True positive
• False positive
• True negative
• False negative
B) In this model, all outcomes (costs and benefits) are undiscounted. Why do we discount future costs and benefits? Why might discounting costs and benefits at the same rate penalize preventative health programs?
Part Four: Estimating Costs (5 marks)
The tables below were taken from a longitudinal cohort study of women that participated in the current screening program. The unit costs are provided in Table 1. Table 2, contains an inventory of all the resources used, on average, by an individual depending upon their test result.
• For example, an individual identified as being ‘true positive’ (using the current test) would require the following resources – 1xcurrent test, 2 x GP visits, 1 x further examination – early treatment. Therefore their treatment would cost – 1x$50 + (2x$35) + 1 x $2000 = $2,120
Combine the information from Tables 1 and 2 to generate the total cost of each screening outcome. Do this for both the current test and the new test scenarios.
Table 1: Unit costs
Description Cost
Current test $50
New Test $300
GP appointment $35
Further examination – No treatment $500
Further examination – Early treatment $2000
Delayed treatment $50,000
Table 2: Resources use for each possible alternative
Current test New Test GP visit Further exam – no treat Further exam – early treat Delayed treatment
Current test True Positive 1 2 1
False positive 1 2 1
True negative 1 1
False negative 1 1 1
New Test True Positive 1 2 1
False positive 1 2 1
True negative 1 1
False negative 1 1 1
NOTE: All costs calculated should be presented to two decimal places.
Part Five: Cost-utility analysis (10 marks)
You should now have the following information:
• Accuracy of the current and new cervical screening tests
• A decision tree that reflects the possible outcomes of both tests
• An estimate of the QALYs gains for each alternative
• An estimate of the resource use (cost) of each alternative
The final information that you need to complete to complete the analysis is the prevalence of cervical cancer in this population. In this example we are screening women 30 years of age; the prevalence of cervical cancer in this cohort is 1 in 1000 or (0.001)
A) Complete Table 3: Model Parameters using the information Part One-Part Four.
Parameter description Current Test New Test
Prevalence of cervical cancer 0.001 0.001
Sensitivity of test 0.72
Specificity of test 0.94
Cost – True Positive
Cost – False Positive
Cost – True Negative
Cost – False negative
QALYs – True Positive
QALYs – False Positive
QALYs – True Negative
QALYs – False negative
B) You now need to combine this information into your decision tree to determine the cost-effectiveness of the new test relative to the current test. Provide your answer as an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) (i.e. cost/QALY gained). Also, provide the diagram of your decision tree at this stage.
• Hint: Remember that you need to calculate the expected value (costs and QALYs) of each alternative before you can estimate the cost-effectiveness. It is easier to calculate the expected value if you start at the end of the tree, rather than the beginning (i.e. you need to roll-back the decision tree – see lecture notes for example)
C) If the decision maker has set an explicit threshold of $50,000 / QALY gained, would you say the new test is cost-effective? Explain your answer.
Part 6: Sensitivity Analysis (10 marks)
The decision maker would like you to determine the cost-effectiveness of the new test in a population of women with a family history of cervical cancer. In this high-risk cohort of women, the prevalence of cervical cancer is 1 in 100 (0.01).
A) Calculate the ICER of the new test relative to the current test in this high-risk population of women.
B) Why do you think the cost-effectiveness of the new test is sensitivity to prevalent risk of cervical cancer in the population?
C) In the original model (prevalence = 0.001), we assumed a 20 min GP appointment costs $35. However, an audit of General Practices conducting the new test shows that 60% of GPs charge patients a double appointment (2x20mins). How does this change you ICER? Explain your answer.
D) What would be the ICER for the new test in the high-risk cohort (prevalence of cervical cancer is 0.01), if 60% of GPs charge patients a double appointment (2x20mins).
E) What type of sensitivity analysis was carried out in sub-question (D)? What is the advantage of this over what was conducted in sub-question (C)?
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HEALTH CARE ASSIGNMENTAloha all I’m tired
/in Uncategorized /by JosephHEALTH CARE ASSIGNMENTAloha all I’m tired of those who have done me wrong which caused me to have a high refunf rate cause they give me copied work which gives me a high turn it in report. To avoid this I would really appreciate to have someone who’s true to do the work and be 100% in errors, grammars, and please no copying work from another source. I greatly appreciate it.2 pages, must have 3 schlorayResources. Must be in APA format.Healthcare managers and certified medical administrative assistants (CMAAs) need to be aware of the many medical options that are available for patients in their community.For this assignment, develop a document that contains the community resources for breast cancer patients.Discuss the steps that will be taken to gather and present the information. Include a procedure to update the information on a regular basis.
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what kinds of research is it the case that between-subject differences are so inconsequential that they can be ignored?
/in Uncategorized /by Joseph1. Cite three flaws in the Baconian view that science can proceed in a purely objective manner. 2. a. Are there research areas in psychology in which the assumption of the uniformity of nature regarding experimental material is not troublesome? That is, in what kinds of research is it the case that between-subject differences are so inconsequential that they can be ignored? b. In other situations, although how one person responds may be drastically different from another, there are still arguments in favor of doing single-subject research. Cite an example of such a situation and suggest certain of the arguments in favor of such a strategy.
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Provide the maximum number of spaces while facilitating traffic circulation by providing one-way flow on each aisle.
/in Uncategorized /by JosephA parking lot is to be designed for a shopping center. If the area available is 400 ft 500 ft, design a suitable layout for achieving each of the following objectives— that is, one layout for each objective: (a) Provide the maximum number of spaces. (b) Provide the maximum number of spaces while facilitating traffic circulation by providing one-way flow on each aisle.
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Describe two (2) financial career options that an individual with a finance education might pursue
/in Uncategorized /by JosephWrite a two to three (2-3) page paper in which you:Describe two (2) financial career options that an individual with a finance education might pursue and explain the value that such a position adds to a company.Explain the essential skills that would make a person successful in each of the described positions.Recommend one (1) of the career options. Identify the most attractive features of the position.Format your assignment according to the following formatting requirements:Typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides.Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page is not included in the required page length.
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What kinds of issues do they raise from a civil liberties perspective?
/in Uncategorized /by JosephPerform an internet search on “famous hackers”. Select any two hackers from your search and summarize their background, the crimes they committed, and the punishment they received for their crimes.
Using the internet, assess arguments for and against the use of biometric technologies for security. Should biometric technologies such as face-recognition programs and iris scanners be used in public places to catch criminals? What kinds of issues do they raise from a civil liberties perspective?
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provides us with the tools models and concepts to better understand individual choices in the marketplace and how resource allocation is determined at the micro level.
/in Uncategorized /by JosephECO 201 Final Project Guidelines and Rubric
OverviewThe final project for this course is the creation of a research paper. Every day millions of economic choices are made by peoplefrom what brand of soap to buy
to how many employees to hire for a factory. Microeconomics provides us with the tools models and concepts to better understand individual choices in the marketplace and how resource allocation is determined at the micro level. The decisions made by individuals and households impact the market and influence decisions made by firms. Firms use these tools as a way to determine pricing output and profit maximization. As a student of economics you can use the microeconomic principles to gain an understanding of how firms and individuals make decisions and also to make your own conclusions about actions we can take to improve those decision Amazon.com. The Amazon.com has hired you to advise it on how it can ensure its future success as a company in its current market. To do this you will write a 79-page research paper analyzing market and business data to explain how the core microeconomic principles impact the sustainability of the firm and what actions it can take to ensure success.
The project is divided into three milestones which will be submitted at various points throughout the course to scaffold learning and ensure quality final submissions. These milestones will be submitted in Modules Two Four and Five. The final submission will occur in Module Seven.
In this assignment you will demonstrate your mastery of the following course outcomes:
Prompt
You will work with your instructor to choose a firm (Amazon.com )for which you can find reliable data and information both at the firm level and the industry level. The firm you select must be a publicly traded company must operate in the U.S. market and must currently be in business. You will need instructor approval before continuing on with your research paper in order to ensure you have met the necessary requirements. Publicly traded companies file reports with a great deal of data that you will find useful for your analysis. Once you have selected a firm for your case study (chosen firm is Amazon.com) you will gather information and data relevant to Amazon.com and its industry and use the core microeconomic principles you have learned in class to analyze the information and make a recommendation for Amazon.com. You will compose a 79-page research paper in which you will analyze the market and business data to explain how the core microeconomic principles impact the sustainability of Amazon.com and your recommendation will suggest the actions the they can take to ensure success.
Specifically the following critical elements must be addressed:
a) Outline the purpose of this paper and how it will inform your conclusion.
b) Summarize the history of Amazon.com and provide an overview for what Amazon does and what goods/services it sells.
a) Evaluate trends in demand over time and explain Amazons impact on the industry and thei company. You should consider including annual sales figures for the product your Amazons sells.
b) Analyze information and data related to the demand and supply for your firms product(s) to support your recommendation for the firms actions. Remember to include a graphical representation of the data and information used in your analysis.
Milestones
the overall market for your firm.
Milestone One: Introduction ASSIGNMENT COMPLETEIn Module Two you will submit a draft of the introduction (Section I) of your research paper including all critical elements of Section I as listed above. In one to two pages you will detail the purpose of the paper summarize the history of the firm and provide an overview of the firm. This milestone is graded with the Milestone One Rubric.
Milestone Two: Supply and Demand Conditions and Price Elasticity of Demand ASSIGNMENT COMPLETEIn Module Four you will submit a draft of the supply and demand conditions (Section II) and price elasticity of demand (Section III) of your research paper including all critical elements as listed above for each of those sections. Each of these sections should be one to two pages in length and should incorporate relevant data and supporting evidence. This milestone is graded with the Milestone Two Rubric.
Milestone Three: Costs of Production Overall Market and Recommendation ASSIGNMENT COMPLETEIn Module Five you will submit a draft of the costs of production (Section IV) overall market (Section V) and recommendation (Section VI) of your research paper including all critical elements as listed above for each of those sections. Each of these sections should be one to two pages in length and should incorporate relevant data and supporting evidence. This milestone is graded with the Milestone Three Rubric.
Final Submission: Research Paper ASSIGNMENT DUE 6/25In Module Seven you will submit your research paper. It should be a complete polished artifact containing all of the critical elements of the final project. It should reflect the incorporation of feedback gained throughout the course. This submission will be graded with the Final Project Rubric.
Deliverables
Final Project RubricGuidelines for Submission: Your research paper must be 7 to 9 pages in length (plus a cover page and references) and must be written in APA format. Use double
spacing 12-point Times New Roman font and one-inch margins. Include at least five references cited in APA format.
Instructor Feedback: This activity uses an integrated rubric in Blackboard. Students can view instructor feedback in the Grade Center. For more information review these instructions.
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